The black dwarf honeybee has often been misidentified as Apis florea but is distinguished from that species by its less reddish coloration and more aggressive defence behavior (Anonymous, 2014). Apis andreniformis is widely distributed from the Himalayan foothills eastward to Indochina, Sundaland and the Philippines (Hepburn & Radloff, 2011)

In Singapore, this species appears to be largely confined to the forests of the Central Nature Reserves. This cicada has a transient adult life of up to two months. Its appearance seems to be seasonal with adults having been observed in Singapore from March to May (Leong et al., 2011). The suburban setting of the present observation, although not the cicada’s natural habitat, is less than 1 km away from the rainforest of the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve. The example was probably attracted out of the forest at night by artificial lights

Symbiotic relationships between snapping shrimps and gobies are well documented. In Singapore waters, members of the goby genera Amblyeleotris, Cryptocentrus and Myersina are known to share burrows with snapping shrimps and acting as their sentinels. Drombus triangularis is common on shallow muddy or sandy reef flats and estuaries, among seagrass and mangroves, and is not known to live with snapping shrimps (Larson & Lim, 2005). This appears to be the first time that Drombus triangularis is recorded in burrows excavated and occupied by alpheid shrimps. However, it is yet to be demonstrated if the goby is opportunistically seeking shelter in the burrows when disturbed, or if it does have a symbiotic relationship with the shrimps by being an actual occupant of the burrow and acting as a look-out for the shrimps. The snapping shrimps were identified with reference to Anker & de Grave (2016).

The juvenile Xenopeltis unicolor wears a characteristic pale cream or white collar which disappears as the snake grows. Adult sunbeam snakes can attain a total length of up to 114 cm. The species is known to be nocturnally active and seems to be semi-fossorial in habit. Its diet consists of rats, birds, lizards, frogs and other snakes (Baker & Lim, 2008: 92; Das, 2010: 353)