Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

Amphilophus citrinellus is a highly variable species, and the barred form was initially confused with the Mayan cichlid Cichalsoma urophthalmum. When placed side-by-side (Fig. 2) however, they appear very distinct from each other. Amphilophus citrinellus has a more pointed snout, less distinct black bars on its body, comparatively small ocellus on upper part of its caudal peduncle, and a well-demarcated black blotch at the middle of the fourth bar on the body. Both the Midas and Mayan cichlids are native to Central America. They were introduced to the wild in Singapore since around the year 2000, and have since populated many inland and estuarine water bodies on Singapore Island. The Midas cichlid has also been recorded from other urban ponds and waterways, such as Pandan Reservoir, Yishun Pond and Jurong Lake (Kwik et al., 2013; Lim, 2013; Ng & Tan, 2010)

The tapestry turban is widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific, from Madagascar and the Red Sea, across the Indian Ocean, to the West Pacific (Japan to Australia), and east to the southern Pacific islands (Poutiers, 1998). It is also one of the most variable in shell colouration, patterns and shape (Alf & Kreipl, 2003). However, it is unlikely to be confused with other turbinids found in Singapore, except perhaps the green turban, Turbo marmoratus (see Tan & Low, 2013). In Singapore, the tapestry turban is occasionally common around the waters of Pulau Satumu, but appears to be very rare elsewhere. It is regarded as a nationally endangered species by Chou & Tan (2008) The recently collected shells shown here illustrate the local forms of this variable species, which have seldom been figured. This series may be broadly separated into three colour forms. The most unusual and thus far undocumented is the green form, which lacks all traces of brown or reddish-brown pigment on the shell and operculum, and has an orange apex (see Fig. 1 & 2 [shells on right]; ZRC.MOL.5721). The usual colour forms seen in Singapore are generally reddish- to dark greenish-brown, with narrow green to very dark brown spiral bands, and sometimes with broad axial streaks (see Fig. 2 [shells on left], 3 & 4 [shells on right]; ZRC.MOL.5718). Thus far, shells with a prominently angulated shoulder have not been noted in the Singapore population.

Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature