This represents the first confirmed record of Chaetodon collare in Singapore waters. Tweedie (1940: 72) had reported this species as Chaetodon (Chaetodontops) collare from Singapore, but the material was obtained from a fishmarket there. He did caution that ‘while the majority [of fishes] probably come from the neighbourhood of Singapore, [they] may have been caught five hundred miles or more away and should not… be included in any list of fishes from “Malaya” [which includes Singapore]’ (Tweedie, 1940: 68). The collare butterflyfish is widely distributed along the northern Indian Ocean and in western Indonesia and the Philippines (Allen et al., 1998: 135), and Singapore is located within its range. However, the possibility of the present example being a recently abandoned pet is not to be ignored, for this species is a popular and common ornamental fish.

The introduced Rhinogobius giurinus is found in shallow water along rock bunds at Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng & Tan, 2010). Such a large congregation of this species at any locality in Singapore, and exhibiting apparent shoaling behavior, has apparently not been recorded before

Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

Opinions and declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to determine the status of the limestone caves and karst-dwelling herpetofauna in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 63 species of amphibians and reptiles were recorded from caves and karst formations around Peninsular Malaysia including 16 species of frogs, 34 species of lizards, 11 species of snakes, and two species of freshwater turtles. Of these, 21 are endemic to Peninsular Malaysia with 14 only known from a single locality, making them vulnerable and highly susceptible to anthropogenic disturbances, with some species already threatened by development. There is still much to be learnt about the karst-dwelling herpetofauna of Peninsular Malaysia with great potential for the discovery of more new species. Thus, karst formations in the country need to be afforded greater protection to conserve not only amphibians and reptiles, but also various other flora and fauna that share the habitat.

The conservation statuses of the four native and one commonly cultivated Cissus L. species (Vitaceae) are reviewed here in the light of recently collected plant specimens and sightings. All four native species are still extant. Cissus repens Lam.is noted to include two recognisable forms with one that corresponds to the now no longer recognised Cissus diffusa (Miq.) Burkill. The possible impact of the recent introduction of Cissus sicyoides is also discussed.

The conservation status of Nothocissus spicifera (Miq.) Latiff (Vitaceae) in Singapore is reviewed in the light of recently collected plant specimens and sightings. We are of the opinion that it merits a nationally endangered status owing to its occurrence being restricted to forests, and has suffered some shrinkage of range owing to deforestation. It is a woody climber with ornamental value even when vegetative owing to its large attractive leaves. As it rarely fruits, vegetative propagation is suggested as a viable way of mass propagating the species for introduction into wider horticultural use, providing a form of ex situ conservation of the species.