https://lkcnhm.nus.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/RBZ-2020-0095.pdf

Limpets pursue adaptive responses to persist in harsh conditions of tropical intertidal areas. This study investigated the diel movement patterns of a homing limpet species, Patelloida saccharina, subjected to semidiurnal tides at Catagman, Samal Island, Philippines. Field observations from 27 March 2017 to 19 April 2017 showed that during spring tides, activity commenced when limpets were submerged by the flooding tide at night. All limpets returned to their respective home scars just before sunrise and no further activity or movement was observed even during flood tide in the day. No activity was observed during night-time low tide periods of neap tides.

The Annamese langur (Trachypithecus margarita) was described in 1909 but its ecology, including its feeding behaviour, is still largely unknown. Based on current knowledge of feeding ecology of many Asian langurs, T. margarita is expected to be a generalist herbivore, with seasonal variation in diet. Feeding behaviour of one habituated group of Annamese langurs at Takou Mountain was studied from October 2009 to September 2011. The dietary pattern of these langurs was found to be similar to other Trachypithecus species, which is characterised by a high amount of leaf consumption (54.4% immature leaves, 7.1% mature leaves) and complemented by fruits (29.9%). The Annamese langurs ate plant parts from 31 species belonging to 20 families on Takou Mountain where 689 plant species were known for the mountain. Moraceae is the most important family in the langur’s diet with at least 10 species consumed and accounting for 41.1% of feeding time. Based on the current and previous feeding studies of Trachypithecus species, it could be concluded that the genus is a generalist folivore and the dietary pattern is similar among species.

After decades of absence, the smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata (Geoffroy, 1826) is now widespread along the northern shores of Singapore. Their diet was examined at four sites along the northern coast, through an analysis of 181 spraint samples, which revealed a diet mostly of fish (92%) and prawns (8%). Dietary composition differed among sites, with a wider diversity of fish consumed at natural sites (mangrove and coastal), while in freshwater reservoirs, exotic cichlids (Oreochromis spp., Etroplus suratensis, Mayaheros urophthalmus) dominated in the diet (91%). An unusually high proportion of prawn was consumed in the mangrove site (35%).